4046 Voltage Controlled Oscillator - Electronic Circuits for the Evil Genius
 
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Part III Exercise Key
Lesson 35
Introducing the 4046 Voltage Controlled Oscillator.

Be sure that you used as little space on your breadboard as possible.  Just keep it less than 15 rows. 
 
1. Pin 3 is an input and MUST be conditioned.  Pin 4 is a digital output providing either V+ (HI) or connection to ground (LO).  It was just as easy to condition pin 3 by connecting it to pin 4 as it would have been to connect pin 3 to ground.
2. Two logic states are Hi and Lo
3.  Unconditioned input creates a situation where that input reacts with static and radio waves.  That situation produces unexpected / unpredictable results.
 
4a.
4b.  Replacing C1 with 10X (ten times) the value should make the roll down effect last about* 10X longer.
*Most capacitors are marked with the letter J, K, L, or M.  These indicate their tolerance.  
Just like resistors, caps have a range of accuracy, usually between 10% to 20%. 
5. Measure your V+   (supply voltage) at pin 16.
6. The voltage recorded here will be ½ of V+   measured at pin 16.
7. Winscope Reading   (SHORT VIDEO CLIP HERE OF REAL ROLL DOWN- ONE ON WINSCOPE, One on real scope.  )
8. Look at the definition given in table 35-1.  
9. A square wave is produced by having a set of regularly occurring clock signals.  Such a signal is shown in the answer for question #7. 
10. I suggest the 47 K? resistor balanced against the 100K? trimpot.  Remember the Trimpot.  You used it back in Lesson 21.  I’m going to be cheap here and tell you to build it.  Try it out first.  Then re-read #6 on page 133.
11. This is a voltage divider using an LDR to control the frequency output.   You will find that a low frequency (slow pulse) is created in the light This will create a high frequency (fast pulsing) in the dark.  
Now think about it.  How would you get a high frequency while the circuit is in the Light?
 
12. You don’t have to know the frequency to understand the answer.  By increasing the resistor by 10X (ten times), you would decrease the “fill & drain” of the capacitor by 10X. The output is ten times slower.

 

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